Search results for "Fitness costs"

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Trans-generational immune priming in the mealworm beetle protects eggs through pathogen-dependent mechanisms imposing no immediate fitness cost for t…

2018

8 pages; International audience; Immune-challenged mothers can improve their offspring immunity through trans-generational immune priming (TGIP). In insects, TGIP endows the offspring with lifetime immunity, including the eggs, which are likely exposed soon after maternal infection. Egg protection may rely on the transfer of maternal immune effectors to the egg or/and the induction of egg immune genes. These respective mechanisms are assumed to have early-life fitness costs of different magnitude for the offspring. We provide evidence in the mealworm beetle Tenebrio molitor that enhanced egg immunity following a maternal immune challenge is achieved by both of these mechanisms but in a path…

0301 basic medicineMealwormOffspringMaternal effectsmedia_common.quotation_subjectHost–pathogen interactionanimal diseasesImmunologyBacillus thuringiensisZoologychemical and pharmacologic phenomenaInsectBiologyEcological immunology03 medical and health sciencesImmune systemImmunity[ SDV.EE.IEO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/SymbiosisAnimals[ SDV.IMM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/ImmunologyArthrobacterTenebrioCells CulturedOvummedia_commonHost-pathogen interactionEcologyHatching[SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE]Maternal effectBacterial Infectionsbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionbiology.organism_classificationBiological EvolutionInvertebrates[SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate ZoologyFitness costs030104 developmental biologyLarvaHost-Pathogen Interactions[SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/ImmunologybacteriaImmunizationGenetic FitnessImmunity Maternally-AcquiredDevelopmental Biology[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis
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Fitness costs of increased cataract frequency and cumulative radiation dose in natural mammalian populations from Chernobyl

2015

AbstractA cataract is a clouding of the lens that reduces light transmission to the retina and it decreases the visual acuity of the bearer. The prevalence of cataracts in natural populations of mammals and their potential ecological significance, is poorly known. Cataracts have been reported to arise from high levels of oxidative stress and a major cause of oxidative stress is ionizing radiation. We investigated whether elevated frequencies of cataracts are found in eyes of bank voles Myodes glareolus collected from natural populations in areas with varying levels of background radiation in Chernobyl. We found high frequencies of cataracts in voles collected from different areas in Chernob…

Male0301 basic medicineVisual acuitygenetic structuresOffspringtaustasäteilyPhysiology010501 environmental sciencesRadiation DosageChernobyl Nuclear Accidentmedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesArticleIonizing radiationChernobylToxicology03 medical and health sciencesbackground radiationCataractskaihiRadiation IonizingMyodes glareolusmedicineAnimalsbank voleRadiation Injuries0105 earth and related environmental sciencesMammalsMultidisciplinarybiologyArvicolinaeRadiation dosemedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationeye diseasesfitness costs030104 developmental biologyChernobyl Nuclear AccidentArvicolinaecataractta1181Femalesense organsmedicine.symptomradiation doseOxidative stressScientific Reports
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